1.1.2 Systems of Land Management
(Technical and Economic Agrarian Structure)

Agriculture-cultivation and use of the land- is a form of production based on the process of growth of animals and plants. In its originalform, man creates food and other articles of consumption by using his labour to cultivate a piece of land. At a very early stage, he attempted to make this work easier by making simple implements and, thus, form capital. Traditional cultivation of the land utilizes, in other words, the conventional production factors labour, land, and capital.

In the modern world and in rudimentary forms even much earlier the farmer runs a type of enterprise. His goal is of an economic nature: he produces in order to cover his own needs, to barter, and in modern. times, to sell. The modern farmer is tied to the overall society by his enterprise. He is dependent upon suppliers and buyers and has to fulfil their wishes and conditions. Modern agriculture is not only an interplay between the soil, solar energy, and labour, but is rather determined by a number of modern factors that originate outside agriculture.

In the endeavour to cope with these factors and achieve as productive cultivation as possible, requirements emerge that cannot be met by the individual farmer. The success of his farming depends, therefore, upon the extent to which his efforts are supported by social institutions that help him in the areas in which he reaches the limits of his own possibilities.